The past perfect is a verb tense used to talk about actions that were completed before some point in the past. This tense is formed by had + the past participle.
Below are the steps to frame present perfect tense sentences in Hindi.
Sentences with an intransitive verb:
1. Write the sentence in past indefinite tense (Lesson 17 and Lesson 18).
I went at nine o’clock
मैं नौ बजे गया – main nau baje gayaa (said by a male)
मैं नौ बजे गई – main nau baje gayee (said by a female)
2. Now add past tense indicators था thaa, थे the, थी thee or थीं theen according to the subject.
I had gone at nine o’clock
मैं नौ बजे गया था – main nau baje gayaa thaa (m)
मैं नौ बजे गई थी – main nau baje gayee thee (f)
Sentences with a transitive verb:
1. Write the sentence in past indefinite tense (Lesson 17 and Lesson 18). ने ne is added to the subject.
The sheep drank dirty water
भेड़ ने गंदा पानी पिया – bhed ne gandaa paanee piyaa
They read a story in today’s newspaper
उनहोंने आज के अख़बार में कहानी पढ़ी – unhonne aaj ke akhbaar men kahaanee parhee thee
2. Now add past tense indicators था thaa, थे the, थी thee or थीं theen according to the number of the object.
The sheep had drunk dirty water
भेड़ ने गंदा पानी पिया था – bhed ne gandaa paanee piyaa thaa
They had read a story in today’s newspaper
उनहोंने आज के अख़बार में कहानी पढ़ी थी – unhonne aaj ke akhbaar men kahaanee parhee thee
Examples:
He/She had sat down
यह/वह बैठ गया था – yah/vah baith gayaa thaa – said to a male
यह/वह बैठ गई थी – yah/vah baith gayee thee – said to a female
I had slept on my bed (said by a female)
मैं अपने पलंग पर सोई थी – main apne palang par soee thee
I had not slept on my bed (said by a female)
मैं अपने पलंग पर नहीं सोई थी – main apne palang par naheen soee thee
They had gone home
Ve ghar chale gaye the – वे घर चले गए थे – said to a group of males/group of mixed genders.
Ve ghar chale gayee theen – वे घर चले गई थीं – said to a group of females
We had gone home
Hum ghar chale gaye the – हम घर चले गए थे – said by a group of males/group of mixed genders.
Hum ghar chale gayee theen – हम घर चले गई थीं – said by a group of females
You had met Ranjith
आप रंजीत से मिले थे – Aap Ranjith se mile the
You had not met Ranjith
आप रंजीत से नहीं मिले थे – Aap Ranjith se naheen mile the
Note:
1. An exception to the above rule is that the sentences with verbs मिल mil (meet), बोल bol (say/talk), भूल bhool (forget), and ला laa (bring), the verb will be according to the subject.