In this lesson, we will learn to frame simple present tense sentences in Hindi. We use the simple present tense when an action is happening right now, or when it happens regularly (or unceasingly, which is why it’s sometimes called present indefinite).
In Hindi sentences of the simple present tense, the first part denoting the habitual aspect of the verb is formed by adding ta, te, or tee to the root verb. This part of the verb should agree in number and gender with the subject of the sentence. In the second part of the sentence, present forms of the “to be” verbs are used to indicate the tense of the action.
Refer to the below table to know what suffixes are used with different subjects.
| Subject | Masculine suffix | Feminine suffix | Present tense indicator |
|---|---|---|---|
| मैं | ता – taa | ती – tee | हूँ – hoon |
| तू | ता – taa | ती – tee | है – hai |
| तुम | ते – te | ती – tee | हो – ho |
| यह, वह | ता – taa | ती – tee | है – hai |
| हम, आप, ये, वे | ते – te | तीं – teen | हैं – hain |
Example:
Eat = kha – खा is the root verb in the below sentences.
I eat – मैं खाता हूँ – main khataa hoon (m)
I eat – मैं खाती हूँ – main khatee hoon (f)
You eat – तू खाता है – tu khataa hai (m)
You eat – तू खाती है – tu khatee hain (f)
You eat – तुम खाते हो – tum khate ho (m)
You eat – तुम खाती हो – tum khatee ho (f)
You eat – आप खाते हैं – aap khate hain (m) – The same sentence can be used in singular and plural form.
You eat – आप खातीं हैं – aap khateen hain (f) – The same sentence can be used in singular and plural form.
He eats – यह खाता है – yah khataa hai (m)
She eats – यह खाती है – yah khatee hai (f)
He eats – वह खाता है – vah khataa hai (m)
She eats – वह खाती है – vah khatee hai (f)
We eat – हम खाते हैं – hum khate hain (m)
We eat – हम खातीं हैं – hum khateen hain (f)
They eat – ये खाते हैं – ye khate hain (m)
They eat – ये खातीं हैं – ye khateen hain (f)
They eat – वे खाते हैं – ve khate hain (m)
They eat – वे खातीं हैं – ve khateen hain (f)
Note:
- Immediate future action sentences can be framed by using adverb abhee अभी in the the simple present tense sentences. Abhee means “right now”.
Example: I will eat right away – मैं अभी खाता हूँ – Main abhee khataa hoon
- For making negative sentences, naheen नहीं is written before the verb. मत mat and न na are not used here.
- In negative sentences, the tense indicator can be dropped.
Example:
They don’t eat
वे नहीं खाते हैं – ve naheen khate hain (m) or वे नहीं खाते – ve naheen khate (m)
I don’t eat
मैं नहीं खाती हूँ – main naheen khatee hoon (f) or मैं नहीं खाती – main naheen khatee (f)
Practice sentences:
Do you go shopping regularly?
क्या आप नियमित रूप से खरीदारी के लिए जाते हो? – Kya aap niyamith roop se khareedaaree ke liye jaathe ho?
Do you drive a car?
क्या आप कार चलाते हो? Kya aap kaar chalaathe ho?
I go for a morning walk in a park.
मैं सुबह की सैर के लिए एक पार्क में जाता हूँ. Main subah kee sair ke liye ek paark men jaatha hoon.
Which game / what do you play in the evening?
आप शाम को कौन सा खेल खेलते हो? Aap shyaam ko koun sa khel khelthe ho?
How does he clean his room?
वह अपना कमरा कैसे साफ करता है? Vah apna kamra kaise saaf kartha hai?
I complete my homework myself.
मैं अपने घर का काम स्वयं पूरा करता हूँ. Myn apne ghar ka kaam swayam poora kartha hoon.
Where do you go to the movie?
आप फिल्म देखने के लिए कहाँ जाते हो? Aap film dekhne ke liye kahaan jaathe ho?
I buy vegetables from the vegetable market.
मैं सब्जी बाजार से सब्जियाँ खरीदता हूँ. Myn sabji baajaar se sabjiyaan khareedtha hoon.
My uncle goes to Delhi with me.
मेरे अंकल मेरे साथ दिल्ली जाते है. Mere ankal mere saath dillee jaathe hai.
What do you want?
आप क्या चाहती हो? Aap kya chaahathee ho?
Do you support your father?
क्या आप अपने पिता जी की मदद करती हो? Kya aap apne pitha jee kee madad karthee ho?
I reply to e-mails once a day.
मैं दिन में एक बार मेल्स का उत्तर देता हूँ. Main din meyn ek baar mels ka uththar detha hoon.
I have fruits or any light breakfast.
मैं फल या हल्का नाश्ता लेती हूँ. Main phal ya halka naashtha lethee hoon.
How does he go to school?
वह स्कूल कैसे जाता है? Vah skool kaise jaatha hai?
Which car do you like the most?
आप कौन सी कार सबसे ज्यादा पसंद करते हो? Aap koun see kaar sabse jyaada pasand karthe ho?
They know swimming
वे तैराकी जानते है. Ve thairaakee jaanthe hai.
Ram goes to his home on Sunday
राम रविवार को अपने घर जाता है. Raam ravivaar ko apne ghar jaatha hai.